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Latency Optimization in LEO Satellite Communications with Hybrid Beam Pattern and Interference Control

Qianqian Zhang, Ye Hu, Minchae Jung

TL;DR

Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods of full frequency reuse and single-channel transmission, and highlights the potential for further performance improvement with multi-user transmissions.

Abstract

The rapid advancement of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems has significantly enhanced global connectivity, offering high-capacity, low-latency services crucial for next-generation applications. However, the dense configuration of LEO constellations poses challenges in resource allocation optimization and interference management, complicating coexistence with other communication systems. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel framework for optimizing the beam scheduling and resource allocation in multi-beam LEO systems. To satisfy the uneven terrestrial traffic demand, a hybrid beam pattern is employed to enhance the downlink quality of service and minimize the transmission latency from LEO satellites to ground user terminals. Additionally, a dynamic co-channel interference (CCI) control mechanism is developed to mitigate inter-beam interference within the LEO constellation and limit cross-system interference affecting protected users from other networks. The problem of user-beam-frequency allocation with power optimization is formulated as a mixed-integer dynamic programming model and solved using a low-complexity neural network-based graph generation algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods of full frequency reuse and single-channel transmission, and highlights the potential for further performance improvement with multi-user transmissions.

Latency Optimization in LEO Satellite Communications with Hybrid Beam Pattern and Interference Control

TL;DR

Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods of full frequency reuse and single-channel transmission, and highlights the potential for further performance improvement with multi-user transmissions.

Abstract

The rapid advancement of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems has significantly enhanced global connectivity, offering high-capacity, low-latency services crucial for next-generation applications. However, the dense configuration of LEO constellations poses challenges in resource allocation optimization and interference management, complicating coexistence with other communication systems. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel framework for optimizing the beam scheduling and resource allocation in multi-beam LEO systems. To satisfy the uneven terrestrial traffic demand, a hybrid beam pattern is employed to enhance the downlink quality of service and minimize the transmission latency from LEO satellites to ground user terminals. Additionally, a dynamic co-channel interference (CCI) control mechanism is developed to mitigate inter-beam interference within the LEO constellation and limit cross-system interference affecting protected users from other networks. The problem of user-beam-frequency allocation with power optimization is formulated as a mixed-integer dynamic programming model and solved using a low-complexity neural network-based graph generation algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline methods of full frequency reuse and single-channel transmission, and highlights the potential for further performance improvement with multi-user transmissions.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 14 sections, 12 equations, 5 figures, 1 algorithm.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System Model and Problem Formulation
  3. Communication Model
  4. Interference Control
  5. Traffic and Latency Model
  6. Problem Formulation
  7. Optimization of Downlink Transmissions
  8. Beam-UT Association
  9. Beam-frequency Allocation
  10. Graph-based model
  11. Generative graph for beam-frequency allocations
  12. Output distribution and training
  13. Simulation Results and Analysis
  14. Conclusion

Figures (5)

  • Figure 1: Hybrid beam coverage in LEO constellation system.
  • Figure 2: The resource allocation between ground users, LEO satellite, and the NMC panels. Each blue line represents a beam-UT association, and each green link denotes a bean-frequency allocation.
  • Figure 3: The average downlink throughput decreases as the number of neighboring satellites with overlapped footprints increases.
  • Figure 4: The average downlink throughput increases with the number of beams and the transmit power.
  • Figure 5: Average latency per UT increases given a higher number of ground UTs and an increased rate of data packet arrivals per second.