Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

The KnowWhereGraph Ontology

Cogan Shimizu, Shirly Stephe, Adrita Barua, Ling Cai, Antrea Christou, Kitty Currier, Abhilekha Dalal, Colby K. Fisher, Pascal Hitzler, Krzysztof Janowicz, Wenwen Li, Zilong Liu, Mohammad Saeid Mahdavinejad, Gengchen Mai, Dean Rehberger, Mark Schildhauer, Meilin Shi, Sanaz Saki Norouzi, Yuanyuan Tian, Sizhe Wang, Zhangyu Wang, Joseph Zalewski, Lu Zhou, Rui Zhu

TL;DR

This broad overview provides insight into the requirements and design specifications for the graph and its schema, including the development methodology (modular ontology modeling) and the resources utilized to implement, materialize, and deploy KnowWhereGraph with its end-user interfaces and public query SPARQL endpoint.

Abstract

KnowWhereGraph is one of the largest fully publicly available geospatial knowledge graphs. It includes data from 30 layers on natural hazards (e.g., hurricanes, wildfires), climate variables (e.g., air temperature, precipitation), soil properties, crop and land-cover types, demographics, and human health, various place and region identifiers, among other themes. These have been leveraged through the graph by a variety of applications to address challenges in food security and agricultural supply chains; sustainability related to soil conservation practices and farm labor; and delivery of emergency humanitarian aid following a disaster. In this paper, we introduce the ontology that acts as the schema for KnowWhereGraph. This broad overview provides insight into the requirements and design specifications for the graph and its schema, including the development methodology (modular ontology modeling) and the resources utilized to implement, materialize, and deploy KnowWhereGraph with its end-user interfaces and public query SPARQL endpoint.

The KnowWhereGraph Ontology

TL;DR

This broad overview provides insight into the requirements and design specifications for the graph and its schema, including the development methodology (modular ontology modeling) and the resources utilized to implement, materialize, and deploy KnowWhereGraph with its end-user interfaces and public query SPARQL endpoint.

Abstract

KnowWhereGraph is one of the largest fully publicly available geospatial knowledge graphs. It includes data from 30 layers on natural hazards (e.g., hurricanes, wildfires), climate variables (e.g., air temperature, precipitation), soil properties, crop and land-cover types, demographics, and human health, various place and region identifiers, among other themes. These have been leveraged through the graph by a variety of applications to address challenges in food security and agricultural supply chains; sustainability related to soil conservation practices and farm labor; and delivery of emergency humanitarian aid following a disaster. In this paper, we introduce the ontology that acts as the schema for KnowWhereGraph. This broad overview provides insight into the requirements and design specifications for the graph and its schema, including the development methodology (modular ontology modeling) and the resources utilized to implement, materialize, and deploy KnowWhereGraph with its end-user interfaces and public query SPARQL endpoint.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 39 sections, 9 figures, 4 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Preliminaries
  3. Discrete Global Grid
  4. Schema Diagrams
  5. Resource Availability
  6. The Ontology Modeling Approach
  7. The Steps
  8. Define the use case.
  9. Develop competency questions.
  10. Identify key notions.
  11. Match ODPs to key notions.
  12. Instantiate the patterns to create modules.
  13. Systematically axiomatize each module.
  14. Assemble the modules.
  15. Review the final product.
  16. ...and 24 more sections

Figures (9)

  • Figure 1: This interface displays a grid-based view of land-use/land-cover data, which are integrated with data from nearby wildfires and their smoke plumes. The grid tessellates the Earth and is called a discrete global grid.
  • Figure 2: This figure shows the KWG kernel, which consists of three classes and their spatial relations (taken from the KWG Ontology), combined with the SOSA/SSN kernel. The spatialRelations label is a placeholder for the KWG Ontology's implementation of the Simple Functions relation ontology.
  • Figure 3: This schema diagram shows how QUDT is used for representing measured quantities, their values and units of measurement within KWG.
  • Figure 4: This schema diagram shows a simplified view of the Expertise Ontology.
  • Figure 5: This schema diagram the DMDO at a high level.
  • ...and 4 more figures