Cybersecurity in Industry 5.0: Open Challenges and Future Directions

TL;DR

The paper addresses the cybersecurity gaps in Industry 5.0, whose human-centric, green, and hyper-customisation goals expand the attack surface. It surveys enabling technologies and maps potential cyberattacks and countermeasures, then reviews major frameworks (IIRA, RAMI 4.0, NIST SP 800-82r3, INCIBE) and finds them inadequate for secure Industry 5.0 transition. Its contributions include identifying Industry 5.0 enabling technologies, synthesising security and privacy concerns, and articulating open challenges and the need for a cybersecurity-centered framework. The work underscores that secure adoption is essential for protecting workers, data, and societal goals, and calls for developing and validating a new, cybersecurity-focused framework that prioritises human collaboration, sustainability, and hyper-customisation.

Abstract

Unlocking the potential of Industry 5.0 hinges on robust cybersecurity measures. This new Industrial Revolution prioritises human-centric values while addressing pressing societal issues such as resource conservation, climate change, and social stability. Recognising the heightened risk of cyberattacks due to the new enabling technologies in Industry 5.0, this paper analyses potential threats and corresponding countermeasures. Furthermore, it evaluates the existing industrial implementation frameworks, which reveals their inadequacy in ensuring a secure transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. Consequently, the paper underscores the necessity of developing a new framework centred on cybersecurity to facilitate organisations' secure adoption of Industry 5.0 principles. The creation of such a framework is emphasised as a necessity for organisations.

Figures (2)

• Figure 1: Categories of Industry 5.0 Enabling Technologies.
• Figure 2: Highlight of RAMI 4.0's aspects that need modification.