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Coverage Analysis for 3D Indoor Terahertz Communication System Over Fluctuating Two-Ray Fading Channels

Zhifeng Tang, Nan Yang, Salman Durrani, Xiangyun Zhou, Markku Juntti, Josep Miquel Jornet

TL;DR

The paper tackles indoor 3D THz coverage under realistic blockage and fading effects by modeling walls with Manhattan Poisson line processes, humans as random cylinders, and AP deployments as a Poisson point process. It derives a tractable coverage probability by incorporating nearest LoS-AP association, 3D directional antennas, and a fluctuating two-ray fading model for THz channels, with the UE and its serving and interfering APs confined to the same room. A key finding is that the UE's location inside a room and the room dimensions significantly affect the optimal AP density and coverage probability, with circular-area approximations failing for UEs near corners. The results offer deployment insights for future indoor THz networks, highlighting the importance of geometry-aware analyses and directional-beam design in achieving reliable coverage.

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a novel analytical framework for a three-dimensional (3D) indoor terahertz (THz) communication system. Our proposed model incorporates more accurate modeling of wall blockages via Manhattan line processes and precise modeling of THz fading channels via a fluctuating two-ray (FTR) channel model. We also account for traditional unique features of THz, such as molecular absorption loss, user blockages, and 3D directional antenna beams. Moreover, we model locations of access points (APs) using a Poisson point process and adopt the nearest line-of-sight AP association strategy. Due to the high penetration loss caused by wall blockages, we consider that a user equipment (UE) and its associated AP and interfering APs are all in the same rectangular area, i.e., a room. Based on the proposed rectangular area model, we evaluate the impact of the UE's location on the distance to its associated AP. We then develop a tractable method to derive a new expression for the coverage probability by examining the interference from interfering APs and considering the FTR fading experienced by THz communications. Aided by simulation results, we validate our analysis and demonstrate that the UE's location has a pronounced impact on its coverage probability. Additionally, we find that the optimal AP density is determined by both the UE's location and the room size, which provides valuable insights for meeting the coverage requirements of future THz communication system deployment.

Coverage Analysis for 3D Indoor Terahertz Communication System Over Fluctuating Two-Ray Fading Channels

TL;DR

The paper tackles indoor 3D THz coverage under realistic blockage and fading effects by modeling walls with Manhattan Poisson line processes, humans as random cylinders, and AP deployments as a Poisson point process. It derives a tractable coverage probability by incorporating nearest LoS-AP association, 3D directional antennas, and a fluctuating two-ray fading model for THz channels, with the UE and its serving and interfering APs confined to the same room. A key finding is that the UE's location inside a room and the room dimensions significantly affect the optimal AP density and coverage probability, with circular-area approximations failing for UEs near corners. The results offer deployment insights for future indoor THz networks, highlighting the importance of geometry-aware analyses and directional-beam design in achieving reliable coverage.

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a novel analytical framework for a three-dimensional (3D) indoor terahertz (THz) communication system. Our proposed model incorporates more accurate modeling of wall blockages via Manhattan line processes and precise modeling of THz fading channels via a fluctuating two-ray (FTR) channel model. We also account for traditional unique features of THz, such as molecular absorption loss, user blockages, and 3D directional antenna beams. Moreover, we model locations of access points (APs) using a Poisson point process and adopt the nearest line-of-sight AP association strategy. Due to the high penetration loss caused by wall blockages, we consider that a user equipment (UE) and its associated AP and interfering APs are all in the same rectangular area, i.e., a room. Based on the proposed rectangular area model, we evaluate the impact of the UE's location on the distance to its associated AP. We then develop a tractable method to derive a new expression for the coverage probability by examining the interference from interfering APs and considering the FTR fading experienced by THz communications. Aided by simulation results, we validate our analysis and demonstrate that the UE's location has a pronounced impact on its coverage probability. Additionally, we find that the optimal AP density is determined by both the UE's location and the room size, which provides valuable insights for meeting the coverage requirements of future THz communication system deployment.
Paper Structure (19 sections, 4 theorems, 40 equations, 14 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 19 sections, 4 theorems, 40 equations, 14 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System Model
  3. System Deployment
  4. Antenna Model
  5. THz Channel Model
  6. Coverage Analysis
  7. AP Association and Interfering AP Intensity
  8. Impact of Directional Antennas
  9. Transmit Antenna Gain
  10. Receive Antenna Gain
  11. Coverage Performance Analysis
  12. Numerical Results
  13. Model Validation
  14. Impact on Coverage Probability
  15. Conclusion
  16. ...and 4 more sections

Key Result

Lemma 1

The angle and length of the arc with the center $U_0$ and radius $d$ in the horizontal plane in the room $\mathbf{R}$, $\mathrm{ARC}_{d,\mathbf{R}}$, are derived as and respectively, where $(z)^+ = \max{(z,0)}$ and

Figures (14)

  • Figure 1: Illustration of the 3D indoor THz communication system where a typical UE associates with a non-blocked (green) AP in the presence of interfering (blue) APs. The non-interfering APs (red) include those blocked by human and wall blockers.
  • Figure 2: The wall deployment model of the THz communication system.
  • Figure 3: Top and vertical views of human blockage for an AP-UE link.
  • Figure 4: An example of the arc with the center $U_0$ and radius $d$ in the horizontal plane in the room $\mathbf{R}$.
  • Figure 5: The antenna beam of an interfering AP.
  • ...and 9 more figures

Theorems & Definitions (4)

  • Lemma 1
  • Lemma 2
  • Lemma 3
  • Theorem 1