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A Comprehensive Review of TLSNotary Protocol

Maciej Kalka, Marek Kirejczyk

TL;DR

The TLSNotary protocol is investigated, which aim to enable the Client to obtain proof of provenance for data from TLS session, while getting as much as possible from the TLS security properties.

Abstract

Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is a cryptographic protocol designed to secure communication over the internet. The TLS protocol has become a fundamental in secure communication, most commonly used for securing web browsing sessions. In this work, we investigate the TLSNotary protocol, which aim to enable the Client to obtain proof of provenance for data from TLS session, while getting as much as possible from the TLS security properties. To achieve such proofs without any Server-side adjustments or permissions, the power of secure multi-party computation (MPC) together with zero knowledge proofs is used to extend the standard TLS Protocol. To make the compliacted landscape of MPC as comprehensible as possible we first introduce the cryptographic primitives required to understand the TLSNotary protocol and go through standard TLS protocol. Finally, we look at the TLSNotary protocol in detail.

A Comprehensive Review of TLSNotary Protocol

TL;DR

The TLSNotary protocol is investigated, which aim to enable the Client to obtain proof of provenance for data from TLS session, while getting as much as possible from the TLS security properties.

Abstract

Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is a cryptographic protocol designed to secure communication over the internet. The TLS protocol has become a fundamental in secure communication, most commonly used for securing web browsing sessions. In this work, we investigate the TLSNotary protocol, which aim to enable the Client to obtain proof of provenance for data from TLS session, while getting as much as possible from the TLS security properties. To achieve such proofs without any Server-side adjustments or permissions, the power of secure multi-party computation (MPC) together with zero knowledge proofs is used to extend the standard TLS Protocol. To make the compliacted landscape of MPC as comprehensible as possible we first introduce the cryptographic primitives required to understand the TLSNotary protocol and go through standard TLS protocol. Finally, we look at the TLSNotary protocol in detail.
Paper Structure (29 sections, 11 equations, 11 figures)

This paper contains 29 sections, 11 equations, 11 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Notation
  3. Cryptographic primitives
  4. Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman Key Exchange
  5. Oblivious Transfer
  6. Reduced Oblivious Transfer techniques
  7. Oblivious Linear Evaluation
  8. Variants of OLE
  9. M2A and A2M protocols
  10. M2A using OLE
  11. Garbled Circuits
  12. Garbling scheme formalization
  13. Nontrivial example
  14. Garbling circuit optimizations
  15. Commitment Schemes
  16. ...and 14 more sections

Figures (11)

  • Figure 1: Schematic representation of OT
  • Figure 2: Schematic representations of ROT and COT
  • Figure 3: Schematic representation of OLE
  • Figure 4: Schematic representations of ROLE and VOLE
  • Figure 5: Garbling scheme for AND gate: (a) AND gate before encryption, (b) gate encoded with random input and output labels, (c) output label encrypted with symmetric keys derived from input labels, (d) encrypted gate: a randomly permuted (garbled) output label table
  • ...and 6 more figures