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An Effective Current Limiting Strategy to Enhance Transient Stability of Virtual Synchronous Generator

Yifan Zhao, Zhiqian Zhang, Ziyang Xu, Zhenbin Zhang, Jose Rodriguez

TL;DR

The paper addresses transient stability of Virtual Synchronous Generators under overcurrent by employing EPAC to compare angle-, d-axis-, and q-axis-prioritized current limiting strategies. It identifies how each CL shapes the acceleration/deceleration areas during disturbances and proposes an adaptive current limiting strategy that modulates the current angle to minimize the acceleration area. The authors derive analytical expressions showing that choosing φ ≈ δ/2 reduces P_e-P_e^* and accelerates stability recovery, which is then validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulations showing superior performance over fixed CL schemes. The results demonstrate a practical approach to enhance the transient stability of DER-integrated grids, enabling more robust operation under large disturbances.

Abstract

VSG control has emerged as a crucial technology for integrating renewable energy sources. However, renewable energy have limited tolerance to overcurrent, necessitating the implementation of current limiting (CL)strategies to mitigate the overcurrent. The introduction of different CL strategies can have varying impacts on the system. While previous studies have discussed the effects of different CL strategies on the system, but they lack intuitive and explicit explanations. Meanwhile, previous CL strategy have failed to effectively ensure the stability of the system. In this paper, the Equal Proportional Area Criterion (EPAC) method is employed to intuitively explain how different CL strategies affect transient stability. Based on this, an effective current limiting strategy is proposed. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the proposed strategy. The simulation results demonstrate that, the proposed effective CL strategy exhibits superior stability.

An Effective Current Limiting Strategy to Enhance Transient Stability of Virtual Synchronous Generator

TL;DR

The paper addresses transient stability of Virtual Synchronous Generators under overcurrent by employing EPAC to compare angle-, d-axis-, and q-axis-prioritized current limiting strategies. It identifies how each CL shapes the acceleration/deceleration areas during disturbances and proposes an adaptive current limiting strategy that modulates the current angle to minimize the acceleration area. The authors derive analytical expressions showing that choosing φ ≈ δ/2 reduces P_e-P_e^* and accelerates stability recovery, which is then validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulations showing superior performance over fixed CL schemes. The results demonstrate a practical approach to enhance the transient stability of DER-integrated grids, enabling more robust operation under large disturbances.

Abstract

VSG control has emerged as a crucial technology for integrating renewable energy sources. However, renewable energy have limited tolerance to overcurrent, necessitating the implementation of current limiting (CL)strategies to mitigate the overcurrent. The introduction of different CL strategies can have varying impacts on the system. While previous studies have discussed the effects of different CL strategies on the system, but they lack intuitive and explicit explanations. Meanwhile, previous CL strategy have failed to effectively ensure the stability of the system. In this paper, the Equal Proportional Area Criterion (EPAC) method is employed to intuitively explain how different CL strategies affect transient stability. Based on this, an effective current limiting strategy is proposed. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the proposed strategy. The simulation results demonstrate that, the proposed effective CL strategy exhibits superior stability.
Paper Structure (18 sections, 17 equations, 8 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 18 sections, 17 equations, 8 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. VSG Control Principle And Previous Current Limiting Strategy
  3. VSG topology
  4. Previous Current Limiting Strategy
  5. Angle Priority CL
  6. d-axis priority CL
  7. q-axis priority CL
  8. Case Study of Different Current Limiting Strategies on Transient Stability
  9. Active Power Analysis under Different CL
  10. Angle Priority
  11. d-axis Priority
  12. q-axis Priority
  13. Transient Stability Analysis Using EPAC Method
  14. Proposed Effective Current Limiting Strategy
  15. Mathematical Analysis
  16. ...and 3 more sections

Figures (8)

  • Figure 1: Three Current Limiter. (a) Angle priority CL. (b) d-axis priority CL. (c) q-axis priority CL.
  • Figure 2: Topology and control scheme of VSG.
  • Figure 3: Transient stability analysis using EPAC method. (a) Angle priority CL. (b) d-axis priority CL. (c) q-axis priority CL.
  • Figure 4: Adaptive current limting strategy
  • Figure 5: Transient stability analysis of proposed CL
  • ...and 3 more figures