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Frequency-Position-Fluid Antenna Array for Ultra-dense Connectivity in Terahertz Beamforming Systems

Heyin Shen, Chong Han, Hao Liu, Tao Yang

Abstract

The position-fluid antenna (PFA) architecture has become one of the appealing technologies to support ubiquitous connectivity demand in next-generation wireless systems. Specifically, allowing the antenna to adjust its physical position to one of the predefined ports within a fixed region can introduce additional spatial diversity and improve the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). In addition, frequency diversity is also widely-explored through frequency interleaving in the terahertz (THz) band. However, the operating bandwidth of one antenna is usually limited to 10% of the central frequency, which imposes a waste of the ultra-broad bandwidth in the THz band. In light of this, a frequency-position-fluid antenna (FPFA) system is proposed in this paper to facilitate ultra-dense connectivity. Specifically, antennas with non-overlapping operating frequency ranges are deployed at the base station (BS) to expand the total available bandwidth and provide frequency domain diversity, while the PFA-enabled users are capable of providing the spatial domain diversity. The channel model is first derived, based on which a channel correlation-based frequency allocation strategy is proposed. Then, a minimum-projection-based port selection algorithm is developed with singular-value-decomposition (SVD) precoders. Simulation results show that the proposed FPFA architecture exhibits steady performance with an increasing number of users, and outperforms the PFA and the fixed-antenna system in ultra-dense user deployment.

Frequency-Position-Fluid Antenna Array for Ultra-dense Connectivity in Terahertz Beamforming Systems

Abstract

The position-fluid antenna (PFA) architecture has become one of the appealing technologies to support ubiquitous connectivity demand in next-generation wireless systems. Specifically, allowing the antenna to adjust its physical position to one of the predefined ports within a fixed region can introduce additional spatial diversity and improve the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). In addition, frequency diversity is also widely-explored through frequency interleaving in the terahertz (THz) band. However, the operating bandwidth of one antenna is usually limited to 10% of the central frequency, which imposes a waste of the ultra-broad bandwidth in the THz band. In light of this, a frequency-position-fluid antenna (FPFA) system is proposed in this paper to facilitate ultra-dense connectivity. Specifically, antennas with non-overlapping operating frequency ranges are deployed at the base station (BS) to expand the total available bandwidth and provide frequency domain diversity, while the PFA-enabled users are capable of providing the spatial domain diversity. The channel model is first derived, based on which a channel correlation-based frequency allocation strategy is proposed. Then, a minimum-projection-based port selection algorithm is developed with singular-value-decomposition (SVD) precoders. Simulation results show that the proposed FPFA architecture exhibits steady performance with an increasing number of users, and outperforms the PFA and the fixed-antenna system in ultra-dense user deployment.
Paper Structure (11 sections, 16 equations, 6 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 11 sections, 16 equations, 6 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System and Channel Models
  3. Channel Model
  4. System Model
  5. Problem Formulation
  6. Design of Frequency Allocation and Port Selection
  7. Frequency Allocation
  8. Port Selection
  9. Hybrid Precoding
  10. Performance Evaluation
  11. Conclusion

Figures (6)

  • Figure 1: Block diagram of the THz multi-user FPFA hybrid beamforming system.
  • Figure 2: SINR versus the port index.
  • Figure 3: Sum SE versus transmit power.
  • Figure 4: Energy efficiency versus the number of users.
  • Figure 5: Sum SE versus the number of users: BS with 128 antennas.
  • ...and 1 more figures