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Selecting Relay Nodes Based on Evaluation Results to Enhance P2P Broadcasting Efficiency

Chunlin Huang

TL;DR

The paper addresses inefficiency in Gossip- and Flooding-style P2P broadcasting by introducing a Neighbor Evaluation (NE) mechanism that assesses neighbor quality from local observations to guide relay selection. NE integrates a relay-field, per-neighbor scoring, and a bucketed, weighted relay-selection policy for Kademlia-based broadcasts, using a selection probability expressed as $P_i = W_i / (sum_{k=1}^{n} W_k - sum_{k=1}^{m} W'_k)$. In simulations over a 1000-node, region-diverse network, NE yields latency improvements when $beta>=2$ and increases broadcast coverage under scenarios with offline or relay-reluctant nodes, demonstrating enhanced reliability and efficiency of DHT-based dissemination. Overall, neighbor-quality-aware relay selection offers a practical path to more robust and scalable P2P broadcasting in dynamic and partially unreliable networks.

Abstract

The existence of node failures is inevitable in distributed systems, thus many P2P broadcasting networks adopt highly robust Flooding-based broadcast algorithms. High redundancy inevitably leads to high network resource consumption, and it may constrain the data transmission rate of the network. To address excessive network resource consumption, many studies have explored broadcasting mechanisms in structured P2P overlay networks. However, existing DHT-based algorithms cannot assess the quality of neighbors, which is crucial for broadcast efficiency. In this paper, we introduce the Neighbor Evaluation mechanism to select relay nodes based on their evaluated contributions. According to experimental results, the Neighbor Evaluation mechanism has a significant effect on both broadcast latency and coverage rate.

Selecting Relay Nodes Based on Evaluation Results to Enhance P2P Broadcasting Efficiency

TL;DR

The paper addresses inefficiency in Gossip- and Flooding-style P2P broadcasting by introducing a Neighbor Evaluation (NE) mechanism that assesses neighbor quality from local observations to guide relay selection. NE integrates a relay-field, per-neighbor scoring, and a bucketed, weighted relay-selection policy for Kademlia-based broadcasts, using a selection probability expressed as . In simulations over a 1000-node, region-diverse network, NE yields latency improvements when and increases broadcast coverage under scenarios with offline or relay-reluctant nodes, demonstrating enhanced reliability and efficiency of DHT-based dissemination. Overall, neighbor-quality-aware relay selection offers a practical path to more robust and scalable P2P broadcasting in dynamic and partially unreliable networks.

Abstract

The existence of node failures is inevitable in distributed systems, thus many P2P broadcasting networks adopt highly robust Flooding-based broadcast algorithms. High redundancy inevitably leads to high network resource consumption, and it may constrain the data transmission rate of the network. To address excessive network resource consumption, many studies have explored broadcasting mechanisms in structured P2P overlay networks. However, existing DHT-based algorithms cannot assess the quality of neighbors, which is crucial for broadcast efficiency. In this paper, we introduce the Neighbor Evaluation mechanism to select relay nodes based on their evaluated contributions. According to experimental results, the Neighbor Evaluation mechanism has a significant effect on both broadcast latency and coverage rate.
Paper Structure (15 sections, 4 equations, 10 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 15 sections, 4 equations, 10 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Related Work
  3. Mechanism Design
  4. Observations and Design Principles
  5. Neighbor Evaluation Mechanism
  6. Quantifying the Contribution of Neighbors
  7. Broadcasting in Kademlia with Neighbor Evaluation Mechanism
  8. Evaluation
  9. Simulation Model
  10. Performance Measuring Method
  11. Broadcast Latency
  12. Coverage Rate
  13. Coverage Rate in A Network with Half of Nodes Offline
  14. Coverage Rate in A Network with Half of Nodes Refusing Packet Relaying
  15. Conclusion

Figures (10)

  • Figure 1: Broadcast coverage of gossip algorithm in a simulated 1000-node network under different redundancy degrees. Each value in the figure represents an average value of five simulation experiment results.
  • Figure 2: In order to enable the source node to identify which relay node the redundant message comes from, a relay field is added to the message.
  • Figure 3: Competition among relay nodes during a broadcast. In the figure, source node 1 sends messages to nodes 3 and 4, and then receives messages relayed by node 3 from nodes 2 and 5.
  • Figure 4: A broadcast in a Kademlia-based network with 8 nodes. Nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 are neighbors of the source node 0. Among them, nodes 1, 3, and 4 are selected as relay nodes by source node 0, while nodes 2 and 6 are selected as probe nodes in this round of broadcasting. The solid lines represent the broadcast path of the Kademlia-based broadcast algorithm, and the dashed lines represent the redundant relay introduced in this paper to support the Neighbor Evaluation mechanism.
  • Figure 5: Grouping of nodes in bucket $B_i$ Nodes 3-6 have a weight of 1, nodes 1-2 have a weight of 2, and node 0 has a weight of 4.
  • ...and 5 more figures