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Robust Beamforming Design for Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Maritime Communications in the Presence of Wave Fluctuation

Kaiwei Xiong, Xiaoming Chen, Ming Ying

TL;DR

The paper tackles the problem of reliable, energy-efficient connectivity for maritime networks by jointly designing beamforming at a shore base station and a LEO satellite in the presence of wave-induced CSI imperfections. It models the ocean-driven CSI errors via bounded angle mismatches, converts worst-case rate constraints into LMIs using the S-procedure, and solves a sequence of convex problems with a penalty-based, successive convex approximation algorithm to obtain a power-minimizing solution. The main contributions are a unified integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime framework, a robust beamforming design with proven convergence properties, and extensive simulations showing significant power savings and zero outage under diverse sea-state scenarios. The results demonstrate practical viability for wide-area maritime IoT, enabling reliable high-rate service with reduced satellite resource usage.

Abstract

In order to provide wireless services for wide sea area, this paper designs an integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication framework. Specifically, the terrestrial base station (TBS) serves near-shore users, while the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communicates with off-shore users. We aim to improve the overall performance of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication system. Thus, it makes sense to jointly optimize transmit beamforming at the TBS and LEO satellite. Due to sea wave fluctuation, the obtained channel state information (CSI) is often imperfect. In this context, a robust beamforming design algorithm is proposed with the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication system while satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the effectiveness of proposed algorithm in maritime communications.

Robust Beamforming Design for Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Maritime Communications in the Presence of Wave Fluctuation

TL;DR

The paper tackles the problem of reliable, energy-efficient connectivity for maritime networks by jointly designing beamforming at a shore base station and a LEO satellite in the presence of wave-induced CSI imperfections. It models the ocean-driven CSI errors via bounded angle mismatches, converts worst-case rate constraints into LMIs using the S-procedure, and solves a sequence of convex problems with a penalty-based, successive convex approximation algorithm to obtain a power-minimizing solution. The main contributions are a unified integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime framework, a robust beamforming design with proven convergence properties, and extensive simulations showing significant power savings and zero outage under diverse sea-state scenarios. The results demonstrate practical viability for wide-area maritime IoT, enabling reliable high-rate service with reduced satellite resource usage.

Abstract

In order to provide wireless services for wide sea area, this paper designs an integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication framework. Specifically, the terrestrial base station (TBS) serves near-shore users, while the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communicates with off-shore users. We aim to improve the overall performance of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication system. Thus, it makes sense to jointly optimize transmit beamforming at the TBS and LEO satellite. Due to sea wave fluctuation, the obtained channel state information (CSI) is often imperfect. In this context, a robust beamforming design algorithm is proposed with the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of integrated satellite-terrestrial maritime communication system while satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the effectiveness of proposed algorithm in maritime communications.
Paper Structure (12 sections, 53 equations, 10 figures, 2 tables, 1 algorithm)

This paper contains 12 sections, 53 equations, 10 figures, 2 tables, 1 algorithm.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System Model
  3. System Description
  4. Channel Model
  5. Signal Model
  6. Robust Beamforming Design
  7. CSI Acquisition
  8. Robust Design
  9. Algorithm Analysis
  10. Simulation Results
  11. Conclusion
  12. Derivation of the computational complexity

Figures (10)

  • Figure 1: Illustration of an integrated satellite-terrestrial communication system for maritime purposes, where the TBS and LEO satellite provide wide-area services in a coordinated manner.
  • Figure 2: Convergence performance of the proposed algorithm with different required date rates.
  • Figure 3: Total transmit power versus required data rates with different numbers of near-shore users.
  • Figure 4: Total transmit power versus required data rates with different numbers of off-shore users.
  • Figure 5: Total transmit power versus required data rates with different numbers of TBS antennas.
  • ...and 5 more figures