Computing: Looking Back and Moving Forward
Muhammed Golec, Sukhpal Singh Gill
TL;DR
The paper surveys the evolution of computing paradigms and next-generation trends, linking traditional models (grid, cloud, fog, edge, serverless) with quantum computing and emerging AI-driven approaches. It catalogs a broad set of impact areas (QoS, IoT, autoscaling, virtualization, security, microservices, SDN, blockchain, federated learning) and discusses forward-looking topics (AI-driven computing, large-scale ML, edge AI, Industry 4.0, quantum Internet) alongside their challenges. By outlining research gaps and practical implications, it provides a framework for advancing robust, scalable, secure, and energy-efficient computing platforms. The work highlights the convergence of pervasive data, intelligent processing, and new networking paradigms as a driver of future societal and economic transformation.
Abstract
The Internet and computer commercialization have transformed the computing systems area over the past sixty years, affecting society. Computer systems have evolved to meet diverse social needs thanks to technological advances. The Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, fog computing, edge computing, and other emerging paradigms provide new economic and creative potential. Therefore, this article explores and evaluates the elements impacting the advancement of computing platforms, including both long standing systems and frameworks and more recent innovations like cloud computing, quantum technology, and edge AI. In this article, we examine computing paradigms, domains, and next generation computing systems to better understand the past, present, and future of computing technologies. This paper provides readers with a comprehensive overview of developments in computing technologies and highlights promising research gaps for the advancement of future computing systems.