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Boosting end-to-end entanglement fidelity in quantum repeater networks via hybridized strategies

Poramet Pathumsoot, Theerapat Tansuwannont, Naphan Benchasattabuse, Ryosuke Satoh, Michal Hajdušek, Poompong Chaiwongkhot, Sujin Suwanna, Rodney Van Meter

TL;DR

This work proposes hybrid strategies utilizing quantum error correction on top of purification and shows that they can produce Bell pairs of sufficiently high fidelity in the error parameter regime for gate and measurement errors in which these hybrid strategies are applicable.

Abstract

Quantum networks are expected to enhance distributed quantum computing and quantum communication over long distances while providing security dependent upon physical effects rather than mathematical assumptions. Through simulation, we show that a quantum network utilizing only entanglement purification or only quantum error correction as error management strategies cannot create Bell pairs with fidelity that exceeds the requirement for a secured quantum key distribution protocol for a broad range of hardware parameters. We propose hybrid strategies utilizing quantum error correction on top of purification and show that they can produce Bell pairs of sufficiently high fidelity. We identify the error parameter regime for gate and measurement errors in which these hybrid strategies are applicable.

Boosting end-to-end entanglement fidelity in quantum repeater networks via hybridized strategies

TL;DR

This work proposes hybrid strategies utilizing quantum error correction on top of purification and shows that they can produce Bell pairs of sufficiently high fidelity in the error parameter regime for gate and measurement errors in which these hybrid strategies are applicable.

Abstract

Quantum networks are expected to enhance distributed quantum computing and quantum communication over long distances while providing security dependent upon physical effects rather than mathematical assumptions. Through simulation, we show that a quantum network utilizing only entanglement purification or only quantum error correction as error management strategies cannot create Bell pairs with fidelity that exceeds the requirement for a secured quantum key distribution protocol for a broad range of hardware parameters. We propose hybrid strategies utilizing quantum error correction on top of purification and show that they can produce Bell pairs of sufficiently high fidelity. We identify the error parameter regime for gate and measurement errors in which these hybrid strategies are applicable.
Paper Structure (6 sections, 3 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 6 sections, 3 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Error Management in Quantum Repeater Networks
  3. Hybrid Error Management
  4. Simulation Setting and Parameters
  5. Results
  6. Discussion

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: Concept of a worldwide quantum Internet. Inter-continental quantum communication may be realized with the aid of a network of satellites Khatri2021Mol2023 or via SneakerNet devitt2013quantum, which act as long-distance Bell pair distributors for main hubs such as Node A and Node B. These hubs divide the long-distance Bell pairs with short-range entangled states generated by the local networks.
  • Figure 2: Basic and hybrid entanglement distribution strategies. Each strategy shows Bell pairs drawn vertically, with end nodes at the top and bottom and repeaters (if any) in between. Within each strategy, actions are shown left to right, beginning with raw link-level Bell pairs and ending with the high-fidelity end-to-end Bell pair. The numbers on the colored links indicate the number of Bell pairs from the previous round consumed in the current round.
  • Figure 3: The upper plots show the fidelity of the end-to-end Bell pair yielded from each strategy with varying gate error parameter $\lambda_{\text{gate}} \in \{0.0000,0.0005,0.0010,0.0015,0.0020\}$, measurement error $m_e \in \{0.0000,0.0025,0.0050,0.0075,0.0100\}$ and the number of hops $h_s \in \{2, 4, 8\}$. The dashed line is the reference fidelity of value 0.83. The lower plots show the throughput of each strategy on a logarithmic scale.