Charting the Landscape of Nefarious Uses of Generative Artificial Intelligence for Online Election Interference
Emilio Ferrara
TL;DR
This perspective article analyzes how Generative AI and LLMs threaten online elections by enabling deepfakes, botnets, synthetic identities, and tailored misinformation. It employs a dual methodology of literature review and analysis to map nefarious applications, develop a typology, and identify mitigation strategies. The authors advocate regulatory, technological, educational, and international cooperation measures to safeguard democratic integrity and highlight governance gaps. The work provides a foundation for policymakers, technologists, and civil society to counter AI-driven manipulation and preserve election legitimacy.
Abstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) pose significant risks, particularly in the realm of online election interference. This paper explores the nefarious applications of GenAI, highlighting their potential to disrupt democratic processes through deepfakes, botnets, targeted misinformation campaigns, and synthetic identities. By examining recent case studies and public incidents, we illustrate how malicious actors exploit these technologies to try influencing voter behavior, spread disinformation, and undermine public trust in electoral systems. The paper also discusses the societal implications of these threats, emphasizing the urgent need for robust mitigation strategies and international cooperation to safeguard democratic integrity.