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Controlling Communications Quality in V2V Platooning: a TSN-like Slot-Based Scheduler Approach

Angelo Feraudo, Andrea Garbugli, Paolo Bellavista

TL;DR

The paper addresses collisions in V2V platooning by introducing TSNCtl, an application-layer, TSN-inspired controller that uses FSM-driven platoon formation and slot-based message dissemination to achieve deterministic communication. Implemented and evaluated in OMNeT++/INET, TSNCtl demonstrates substantial collision reductions compared with CSMA/CA, achieving average collision rates below 1% with slot lengths of 2 ms or more, while smaller slots degrade performance. The approach is technology-agnostic and targets intra-platoon communications, with discussion on integrating TSN concepts into future V2X deployments, including 5G support and enhanced synchronization strategies. Overall, TSNCtl represents a practical step toward deterministic V2V communication in platooning, potentially enabling safer and more reliable autonomous and cooperative driving in real-world networks.

Abstract

Connected vehicles, facilitated by Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications, play a key role in enhancing road safety and traffic efficiency. However, V2V communications primarily rely on wireless protocols, such as Wi-Fi, that require additional collision avoidance mechanisms to better ensure bounded latency and reliability in critical scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to address the challenge of message collision in V2V platooning through a slotted-based solution inspired by Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), which is gaining momentum for in-vehicle networks. To this end, we present a controller, named TSNCtl, operating at the application level of the vehicular communications stack. TSNCtl employs a finite state machine (FSM) to manage platoon formation and slot-based scheduling for message dissemination. The reported evaluation results, based on the OMNeT++ simulation framework and INET library, demonstrate the effectiveness of TSNCtl in reducing packet collisions across various scenarios. Specifically, our experiments reveal a significant reduction in packet collisions compared to the CSMA-CA baseline used in traditional Wi-Fi-based protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11p): for instance, with slot lengths of 2 ms, our solution achieves an average collision rate under 1%, compared to up to 50% for the baseline case.

Controlling Communications Quality in V2V Platooning: a TSN-like Slot-Based Scheduler Approach

TL;DR

The paper addresses collisions in V2V platooning by introducing TSNCtl, an application-layer, TSN-inspired controller that uses FSM-driven platoon formation and slot-based message dissemination to achieve deterministic communication. Implemented and evaluated in OMNeT++/INET, TSNCtl demonstrates substantial collision reductions compared with CSMA/CA, achieving average collision rates below 1% with slot lengths of 2 ms or more, while smaller slots degrade performance. The approach is technology-agnostic and targets intra-platoon communications, with discussion on integrating TSN concepts into future V2X deployments, including 5G support and enhanced synchronization strategies. Overall, TSNCtl represents a practical step toward deterministic V2V communication in platooning, potentially enabling safer and more reliable autonomous and cooperative driving in real-world networks.

Abstract

Connected vehicles, facilitated by Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications, play a key role in enhancing road safety and traffic efficiency. However, V2V communications primarily rely on wireless protocols, such as Wi-Fi, that require additional collision avoidance mechanisms to better ensure bounded latency and reliability in critical scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to address the challenge of message collision in V2V platooning through a slotted-based solution inspired by Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), which is gaining momentum for in-vehicle networks. To this end, we present a controller, named TSNCtl, operating at the application level of the vehicular communications stack. TSNCtl employs a finite state machine (FSM) to manage platoon formation and slot-based scheduling for message dissemination. The reported evaluation results, based on the OMNeT++ simulation framework and INET library, demonstrate the effectiveness of TSNCtl in reducing packet collisions across various scenarios. Specifically, our experiments reveal a significant reduction in packet collisions compared to the CSMA-CA baseline used in traditional Wi-Fi-based protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11p): for instance, with slot lengths of 2 ms, our solution achieves an average collision rate under 1%, compared to up to 50% for the baseline case.
Paper Structure (14 sections, 5 figures)

This paper contains 14 sections, 5 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Background
  3. TSN for in-vehicle communication
  4. V2X Communications and Protocols
  5. OMNeT++ and INET
  6. Related Work
  7. System Architecture
  8. General Overview
  9. TSNCtl: Platoon Formation and Slot Assignment
  10. Evaluation Results
  11. Assessing Packet Collisions by Varying Platoon Sizes
  12. Assessing Packet Collisions by Varying Packet Sizes
  13. Discussion and Future works
  14. Conclusions

Figures (5)

  • Figure 1: State Diagram Message Controller
  • Figure 2: Integration of Message and Platoon Controller in V2X Stack
  • Figure 3: Slot-based Scheduling
  • Figure 4: Collisions in Packet Transmission with Different Platoon Size
  • Figure 5: Collisions in Packet Transmission with Different Packet Size