Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

Coordinated Planning for Stability Enhancement in High IBR-Penetrated Systems

Zhongda Chu, Fei Teng

TL;DR

This paper tackles stability challenges in power systems with high inverter-based resources by proposing a coordinated planning framework that jointly places Synchronous Condensers (SCs) and Grid-Forming (GFM) IBRs (via Battery Energy Storage Systems, BESS). It derives SCC and system-strength constraints that capture both small-signal and transient stability aspects, and linearizes these nonlinear relationships with a data-driven approach using active sampling, enabling a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation to co-optimize asset placement under uncertainty. The framework is validated on IEEE 39- and 118-bus systems, showing significant cost savings and stability improvements when SCs and BESSs are planned together, compared with single-resource planning. The work highlights the practical value of including both SCC and gSCR constraints in planning and investigates the role of IBR overloading capability, wind penetration effects, and scalability for future net-zero grids.

Abstract

Security and stability challenges in future power systems with high penetration Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) have been anticipated as one of the main barriers to decarbonization. Grid-following IBRs may become unstable under small disturbances in weak grids, while during transient processes, system stability and protection may be jeopardized due to the lack of sufficient Short-Circuit Current (SCC). To solve these challenges and achieve decarbonization, the future system has to be carefully planned. However, it remains unclear how both small-signal and transient stabilities can be considered during the system planning stage. In this context, this paper proposes a coordinated planning model of different resources in the transmission system, namely the synchronous condensers and GFM IBRs to enhance system stability. The system strength and SCC constraints are analytically derived by considering the different characteristics of synchronous units and IBRs, which are further effectively linearized through a novel data-driven approach, where an active sampling method is proposed to generate a representative data set. The significant economic value of the proposed coordinated planning framework in both system asset investment and system operation is demonstrated through detailed case studies.

Coordinated Planning for Stability Enhancement in High IBR-Penetrated Systems

TL;DR

This paper tackles stability challenges in power systems with high inverter-based resources by proposing a coordinated planning framework that jointly places Synchronous Condensers (SCs) and Grid-Forming (GFM) IBRs (via Battery Energy Storage Systems, BESS). It derives SCC and system-strength constraints that capture both small-signal and transient stability aspects, and linearizes these nonlinear relationships with a data-driven approach using active sampling, enabling a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation to co-optimize asset placement under uncertainty. The framework is validated on IEEE 39- and 118-bus systems, showing significant cost savings and stability improvements when SCs and BESSs are planned together, compared with single-resource planning. The work highlights the practical value of including both SCC and gSCR constraints in planning and investigates the role of IBR overloading capability, wind penetration effects, and scalability for future net-zero grids.

Abstract

Security and stability challenges in future power systems with high penetration Inverter-Based Resources (IBR) have been anticipated as one of the main barriers to decarbonization. Grid-following IBRs may become unstable under small disturbances in weak grids, while during transient processes, system stability and protection may be jeopardized due to the lack of sufficient Short-Circuit Current (SCC). To solve these challenges and achieve decarbonization, the future system has to be carefully planned. However, it remains unclear how both small-signal and transient stabilities can be considered during the system planning stage. In this context, this paper proposes a coordinated planning model of different resources in the transmission system, namely the synchronous condensers and GFM IBRs to enhance system stability. The system strength and SCC constraints are analytically derived by considering the different characteristics of synchronous units and IBRs, which are further effectively linearized through a novel data-driven approach, where an active sampling method is proposed to generate a representative data set. The significant economic value of the proposed coordinated planning framework in both system asset investment and system operation is demonstrated through detailed case studies.
Paper Structure (26 sections, 38 equations, 9 figures, 5 tables, 2 algorithms)

This paper contains 26 sections, 38 equations, 9 figures, 5 tables, 2 algorithms.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Short Circuit Current Quantification
  3. Modeling of Synchronous Units
  4. Modeling of IBRs
  5. Incorporating decision variables of the planning model
  6. System Strength Assessment
  7. System Planning Problem
  8. Objective Function
  9. Short Circuit Current and System Strength Constraints
  10. Short circuit current constraints
  11. System strength constraints
  12. Constraint reformulation
  13. Active Sampling
  14. Power Balance and Power Flow Constraints
  15. Thermal Unit Constraints
  16. ...and 11 more sections

Figures (9)

  • Figure 1: Overall framework of the proposed method.
  • Figure 2: Modified IEEE-39 bus system.
  • Figure 3: Convergence of SCC calculation.
  • Figure 4: Convergence of active sampling.
  • Figure 5: System operation cost with different investment strategies.
  • ...and 4 more figures

Theorems & Definitions (1)

  • proof