Coexistence of Push Wireless Access with Pull Communication for Content-based Wake-up Radios

TL;DR

The paper tackles energy-efficient coexistence of pull and push IoT traffic by introducing content-based wake-up (CoWu), where the BS selectively wakes pull-based nodes whose data match a target range. It presents a frame-based access scheme with a controllable pull/sharing split ($τ_w = ⌊αL⌋$, $τ_u = L-⌊αL⌋$) and derives probabilistic and energy metrics using a Markov-chain model to capture successful pulls, pushes, and wake-ups. Key contributions include analytic expressions for pull retrieval accuracy $γ_w$, push success $γ_u$, and total energy $E_{ ext{tot}}$, plus optimization of the pull-share parameter $α$ and the arrival rate $λ$ to maximize feasible throughput while minimizing energy. Numerical results show CoWu can sustain both traffic types and achieve energy savings up to 38% over baseline scheduling, highlighting its practical potential for sustainable IoT connectivity in mixed-traffic environments.

Abstract

This paper considers energy-efficient connectivity for Internet of Things (IoT) devices in a coexistence scenario between two distinctive communication models: pull- and push-based. In pull-based, the base station (BS) decides when to retrieve a specific type of data from the IoT devices, while in push-based, the IoT device decides when and which data to transmit. To this end, this paper advocates introducing the content-based wake-up (CoWu), which enables the BS to remotely activate only a subset of pull-based nodes equipped with wake-up receivers, observing the relevant data. In this setup, a BS pulls data with CoWu at a specific time instance to fulfill its tasks while collecting data from the nodes operating with a push-based communication model. The resource allocation plays an important role: longer data collection duration for pull-based nodes can lead to high retrieval accuracy while decreasing the probability of data transmission success for push-based nodes, and vice versa. Numerical results show that CoWu can manage communication requirements for both pull-based and push-based nodes while realizing the high energy efficiency (up to 38%) of IoT devices, compared to the baseline scheduling method.

Figures (4)

• Figure 1: An example of operation when applying for pull and push coexistence scenario.
• Figure 2: The system level performance for the and vs. $\alpha$, applying .
• Figure 3: Acceptable traffic $\lambda_\mathrm{max}$ vs. $N_{w}$.
• Figure 4: $\alpha_{\mathrm{opt}}$ and $\eta$ vs. $\lambda$ [packets/slots], applying .