Video Compression Beyond VVC: Quantitative Analysis of Intra Coding Tools in Enhanced Compression Model (ECM)
Mohsen Abdoli, Ramin G. Youvalari, Karam Naser, Kevin Reuzé, Fabrice Le Léannec
TL;DR
This work analyzes post-VVC ECM intra coding tools by examining their selection rates across ECM versions, resolutions, and bitrates to inform JVET standardization. It categorizes luma and chroma tools (e.g., TIMD, DIMD, MIP, CCCM, CCLM) and provides quantitative BD-Rate gains over VTM AI, revealing trends such as the shift from regular IPMs to advanced, data-driven modes and the relative stability of certain tools across content types. The findings suggest that newer intra tools offer consistent performance gains with manageable interactions, supporting a path toward standardization, while indicating that future work should extend analyses to inter coding tools. Overall, the study demonstrates steady progression in ECM tool adoption and behavior, reinforcing the viability of post-VVC enhancements for practical deployment.
Abstract
A quantitative analysis of post-VVC luma and chroma intra tools is presented, focusing on their statistical behaviors, in terms of block selection rate under different conditions. The aim is to provide insights to the standardization community, offering a clearer understanding of interactions between tools and assisting in the design of an optimal combination of these novel tools when the JVET enters the standardization phase. Specifically, this paper examines the selection rate of intra tools as function of 1) the version of the ECM, 2) video resolution, and 3) video bitrate. Additionally, tests have been conducted on sequences beyond the JVET CTC database. The statistics show several trends and interactions, with various strength, between coding tools of both luma and chroma.