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Characterization of Spatial-Temporal Channel Statistics from Indoor Measurement Data at D Band

Chathuri Weragama, Joonas Kokkoniemi, Mar Francis De Guzman, Katsuyuki Haneda, Pekka Kyosti, Markku Juntti

TL;DR

This study conducts indoor measurements in the D band around 143 GHz to characterize power, delay, and the number of paths under LOS and NLOS conditions. By normalizing power and delay, the authors fit several candidate distributions using KS tests and Q-Q plots, finding LOS power suitable for lognormal, Nakagami, gamma, and beta, while NLOS power is best described by a loglogistic distribution given sufficient data. Delays follow an exponential distribution in both LOS and NLOS, and the number of paths concentrates in the 10–30 m Tx–Rx range. The results provide a statistical foundation for generating realistic indoor D-band MIMO channels, with implications for 6G design and stochastic modeling of high-frequency wireless propagation.

Abstract

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and D Band (110--170~GHz) frequencies are poised to play a pivotal role in the advancement of sixth-generation (6G) systems and beyond, owing to their ability to enhance performance metrics such as capacity, ultra-low latency, and spectral efficiency. This paper concentrates on deriving statistical insights into power, delay, and the number of paths based on measurements conducted across four distinct locations at a center frequency of 143.1 GHz. The findings underscore the suitability of various distributions in characterizing power behavior in line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios, including lognormal, Nakagami, gamma, and beta distributions, whereas the loglogistic distribution gives the optimal fit for power distribution in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Moreover, the exponential distribution shows to be the most appropriate model for the delay distribution in both LOS and NLOS scenarios. In terms of the number of paths, observations indicate a tendency for the highest concentration within the 10 m to 30 m distance range between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). These insights shed light on the statistical nature of D band propagation characteristics, which are vital for informing the design and optimization of future 6G communication systems

Characterization of Spatial-Temporal Channel Statistics from Indoor Measurement Data at D Band

TL;DR

This study conducts indoor measurements in the D band around 143 GHz to characterize power, delay, and the number of paths under LOS and NLOS conditions. By normalizing power and delay, the authors fit several candidate distributions using KS tests and Q-Q plots, finding LOS power suitable for lognormal, Nakagami, gamma, and beta, while NLOS power is best described by a loglogistic distribution given sufficient data. Delays follow an exponential distribution in both LOS and NLOS, and the number of paths concentrates in the 10–30 m Tx–Rx range. The results provide a statistical foundation for generating realistic indoor D-band MIMO channels, with implications for 6G design and stochastic modeling of high-frequency wireless propagation.

Abstract

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and D Band (110--170~GHz) frequencies are poised to play a pivotal role in the advancement of sixth-generation (6G) systems and beyond, owing to their ability to enhance performance metrics such as capacity, ultra-low latency, and spectral efficiency. This paper concentrates on deriving statistical insights into power, delay, and the number of paths based on measurements conducted across four distinct locations at a center frequency of 143.1 GHz. The findings underscore the suitability of various distributions in characterizing power behavior in line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios, including lognormal, Nakagami, gamma, and beta distributions, whereas the loglogistic distribution gives the optimal fit for power distribution in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Moreover, the exponential distribution shows to be the most appropriate model for the delay distribution in both LOS and NLOS scenarios. In terms of the number of paths, observations indicate a tendency for the highest concentration within the 10 m to 30 m distance range between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). These insights shed light on the statistical nature of D band propagation characteristics, which are vital for informing the design and optimization of future 6G communication systems
Paper Structure (10 sections, 2 equations, 7 figures, 3 tables)

This paper contains 10 sections, 2 equations, 7 figures, 3 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Measurement Data and Related Works
  3. Modelling Methodology
  4. Results
  5. Power Delay Profile
  6. Normalized Power Distribution (NPD)
  7. Normalized Delay Distribution
  8. Number of Paths
  9. Discussion
  10. Conclusions

Figures (7)

  • Figure 1: Power Delay Profiles
  • Figure 2: Normalized Power Distribution - Line-of-Sight
  • Figure 3: Power Delay Profiles - Non-Line-of-Sight
  • Figure 4: Normalized Delay Distribution - Line-of-Sight
  • Figure 5: Normalized Delay Distribution - Non-Line-of-Sight
  • ...and 2 more figures