A survey on road safety and traffic efficiency vehicular applications based on C-V2X technologies
Ignacio Soto, Maria Calderon, Oscar Amador, Manuel Urueña
TL;DR
This survey analyzes how Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) technologies can enable road safety and traffic efficiency applications in connected vehicles. It introduces a taxonomy of V2X communications that accounts for end-point types and message characteristics (periodic, event-driven, relayed, multi-hop) and reviews literature across LTE/NR Uu, LTE PC5, NR PC5, and associated edge/computing paradigms. Key findings show strong progress for V2V periodic and V2I event-driven messages, with MEC and network slicing enabling low-latency services, but highlight gaps in multi-hop, V2P scaling, NR PC5 adoption, and real-world pilots. The paper emphasizes the need for standardized tools, multi-operator interoperability, and viable business models to accelerate real-world deployment of C-V2X-based safety and efficiency applications.
Abstract
In recent years, the use of cellular network technologies to provide communication-based applications to vehicles has received considerable attention. 3GPP, the standardization body responsible for cellular networks specifications, is developing technologies to meet the requirements of vehicular communication applications, and the research community is testing and validating the ability of those technologies to implement different applications. This survey presents the body of work dealing with the use of cellular technologies to implement communication-based applications for the connected vehicle. We focus on basic and advanced road safety and traffic efficiency applications, which are critically important for the future of vehicular networks. We start by describing the different cellular-related technologies that have a role to play in providing services to the connected vehicle, propose a classification of types of communication used in vehicular applications, and then apply this classification to organize and present recent research work on the topic. Finally, we identify the main challenges in the use of cellular technologies to develop applications for the connected vehicle.