Transparent AI Disclosure Obligations: Who, What, When, Where, Why, How

TL;DR

The paper addresses the risk of misinformation from Generative AI media and the need for transparent disclosure under Article 52 of the EU AI Act. It employs participatory AI through two workshops (N=16) to generate a structured set of 149 disclosure questions using the 5W1H framework. The authors categorize these questions into five themes and 18 sub-themes, offering a human-centered lens to inform legal interpretation and HCI research. The work provides a practical starting point for cross-disciplinary research on transparent AI disclosures with potential to influence policy, design, and media practices.

Abstract

Advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) are resulting in AI-generated media output that is (nearly) indistinguishable from human-created content. This can drastically impact users and the media sector, especially given global risks of misinformation. While the currently discussed European AI Act aims at addressing these risks through Article 52's AI transparency obligations, its interpretation and implications remain unclear. In this early work, we adopt a participatory AI approach to derive key questions based on Article 52's disclosure obligations. We ran two workshops with researchers, designers, and engineers across disciplines (N=16), where participants deconstructed Article 52's relevant clauses using the 5W1H framework. We contribute a set of 149 questions clustered into five themes and 18 sub-themes. We believe these can not only help inform future legal developments and interpretations of Article 52, but also provide a starting point for Human-Computer Interaction research to (re-)examine disclosure transparency from a human-centered AI lens.

Figures (1)

• Figure 1: Snapshots of the workshop sessions showing participants generating questions.