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Deciphering the Dance of the Winds and Waves: Unraveling Anomalous Dynamics in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Yihan Liu, Michael Chertkov

Abstract

We study the Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) dynamic response to high wind velocity scenarios utilizing an extensive Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation involving 10,000 trials of a reduced model from \cite{betti_development_2014} with a blade-pitch PID controller. The research emphasizes analysis of extreme events in surge, pitch and heave of FOWT, identifying and categorizing them based on their statistics, correlations and causal relations to wind and waves. A significant discovery is the differentiation of anomalies into short-correlated and long-correlated types, with the latter primarily influenced by wind conditions. For example, one of our findings is that while specific wave conditions may amplify anomalies, wind remains the predominant factor in long-term anomalous pitch behaviors. We anticipate that further development of this analysis of the operation's critical extreme events will be pivotal for advancing control strategies and design considerations in FOWTs, accommodating the turbulent environment they encounter.

Deciphering the Dance of the Winds and Waves: Unraveling Anomalous Dynamics in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Abstract

We study the Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) dynamic response to high wind velocity scenarios utilizing an extensive Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation involving 10,000 trials of a reduced model from \cite{betti_development_2014} with a blade-pitch PID controller. The research emphasizes analysis of extreme events in surge, pitch and heave of FOWT, identifying and categorizing them based on their statistics, correlations and causal relations to wind and waves. A significant discovery is the differentiation of anomalies into short-correlated and long-correlated types, with the latter primarily influenced by wind conditions. For example, one of our findings is that while specific wave conditions may amplify anomalies, wind remains the predominant factor in long-term anomalous pitch behaviors. We anticipate that further development of this analysis of the operation's critical extreme events will be pivotal for advancing control strategies and design considerations in FOWTs, accommodating the turbulent environment they encounter.
Paper Structure (23 sections, 19 equations, 43 figures)

This paper contains 23 sections, 19 equations, 43 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Description of the Betti Model [1]
  3. Modeling Dynamics of the FOWT's Mainframe (non-rotating part)
  4. Aerodynamic Model: Wind Forces.
  5. Drivetrain Model: The Rotating Part.
  6. Model of Wind and Wave
  7. Steady State Validation
  8. Implementation of the Blade-Pitch Controller
  9. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation
  10. Simulation Results Overview
  11. Extreme Events Analysis
  12. Extreme Surge Events
  13. Wind-Induced Short- vs Long-Correlated Anomalies in Wind Turbine Responses
  14. Characterizing Subtle Wave Influences on Prolonged Pitch Dynamics
  15. Long Correlated Tests - Same Wave Profile:
  16. ...and 8 more sections

Figures (43)

  • Figure 1: Three designs of FOWT. (a). TLP-based FOWT, (b). Spar-buoy FOWT, (c). Semi-submerged FOWT. Taken from FOWTfigure.
  • Figure 2: The 2-dimension representation of TLP-based FOWT in the Betti model.
  • Figure 3: Scheme of the simulation flow of the Betti model.
  • Figure 4: The power coefficient surface computed using NREL AeroDyn v15 software.
  • Figure 5: The wind profile with turbulence at average wind speed 20 m/s, and the wave profile generated using the Pierson–Moskowitz spectrum at reference wind speed 20 m/s
  • ...and 38 more figures