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Near-Field Localization with $1$-bit Quantized Hybrid A/D Reception

Ioannis Gavras, Italo Atzeni, George C. Alexandropoulos

TL;DR

The paper tackles near-field UE localization using an extremely large DMA-based hybrid A/D receiver with 1-bit ADCs. It introduces a grid-search based method that, for each candidate UE location $(r,\theta,\varphi)$, constructs a virtual channel and optimizes the RX analog combiner to maximize $W_{RX}^H P_{RX}^H h_{hat}$, building a pseudo-spectrum over a 3D grid to identify the peak. Localization performance improves with larger DMA sizes and higher SNR, and the approach can outperform a baseline full-resolution MUSIC method when the metamaterial count is large, despite 1-bit quantization. The study highlights practical trade-offs between search overhead and DMA size, demonstrating viability for high-resolution sensing in THz-based 6G contexts.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider a hybrid Analog and Digital (A/D) receiver architecture with an extremely large Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) and an $1$-bit resolution Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) at each of its reception radio-frequency chains, and present a localization approach for User Equipment (UE) lying in its near-field regime. The proposed algorithm scans the UE area of interest to identify the DMA-based analog combining configuration resulting to the peak in a received pseudo-spectrum, yielding the UE position estimation in three dimensions. Our simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme, especially for increasing DMA sizes, and showcase the interplay among various system parameters.

Near-Field Localization with $1$-bit Quantized Hybrid A/D Reception

TL;DR

The paper tackles near-field UE localization using an extremely large DMA-based hybrid A/D receiver with 1-bit ADCs. It introduces a grid-search based method that, for each candidate UE location , constructs a virtual channel and optimizes the RX analog combiner to maximize , building a pseudo-spectrum over a 3D grid to identify the peak. Localization performance improves with larger DMA sizes and higher SNR, and the approach can outperform a baseline full-resolution MUSIC method when the metamaterial count is large, despite 1-bit quantization. The study highlights practical trade-offs between search overhead and DMA size, demonstrating viability for high-resolution sensing in THz-based 6G contexts.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider a hybrid Analog and Digital (A/D) receiver architecture with an extremely large Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) and an -bit resolution Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) at each of its reception radio-frequency chains, and present a localization approach for User Equipment (UE) lying in its near-field regime. The proposed algorithm scans the UE area of interest to identify the DMA-based analog combining configuration resulting to the peak in a received pseudo-spectrum, yielding the UE position estimation in three dimensions. Our simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme, especially for increasing DMA sizes, and showcase the interplay among various system parameters.
Paper Structure (9 sections, 13 equations, 3 figures, 1 algorithm)

This paper contains 9 sections, 13 equations, 3 figures, 1 algorithm.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System and Signal Models
  3. Channel Model
  4. Received Signal Model
  5. Proposed Near-Field Localization
  6. Analog Combining Optimization
  7. UE Coordinates' Estimation
  8. Numerical Results and Discussion
  9. Conclusion

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: The proposed DMA-based hybrid A/D RX architecture with an $1$-bit resolution ADC at each reception RF chain.
  • Figure 2: RMSE performance of the UE position estimation versus the transmit power $P_{\rm max}$ in dBm for a DMA-based hybrid A/D RX with $N_{\rm RF}=2$ RF chains, $N_{\rm E}=\{128,256,512\}$ metamaterials, and $|S|=T=200$ UE grid positions, and thus, analog combiners.
  • Figure 3: RMSE performance of the UE position estimation versus the transmit power $P_{\rm max}$ in dBm for a DMA-based hybrid A/D RX with $N_{\rm RF}=2$ RF chains, $N_{\rm E}=128$ metamaterials, and $|S|=T=\{100,200,300\}$ UE grid positions, and thus, DMA analog combiners.