Computing Multiple Local Minimizers for the Topology Optimization of Bipolar Plates in Electrolysis Cells

TL;DR

The paper addresses topology optimization for the anode‑side bipolar plate in PEM electrolysis cells to achieve uniform flow. It combines the Borvall–Petersson Stokes–Darcy model with a Moreau–Yosida regularized objective enforcing a minimum flow via a smoothed velocity, and uses a gradient‑based level‑set method guided by a topological derivative. A novel deflation penalty is introduced to penalize proximity to previously found shapes, enabling systematic discovery of multiple distinct local minimizers. Numerical experiments on a 2D unit square domain demonstrate that deflation yields multiple, highly uniform channel layouts, offering a practical means to generate diverse, high‑performance bipolar plate designs.

Abstract

In this paper we consider the topology optimization for a bipolar plate of a hydrogen electrolysis cell. We use the Borvall-Petersson model to describe the fluid flow and derive a criterion for a uniform flow distribution in the bipolar plate. Furthermore, we introduce a novel deflation approach to compute multiple local minimizers of topology optimization problems. The approach is based on a penalty method that discourages convergence towards previously found solutions. Finally, we demonstrate this technique on the topology optimization for bipolar plates and show that multiple distinct local solutions can be found.

Figures (1)

• Figure 1: Schematic setup of the hold all domain $D$.

Theorems & Definitions (1)

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