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State-of-the-art review and synthesis: A requirement-based roadmap for standardized predictive maintenance automation using digital twin technologies

Sizhe Ma, Katherine A. Flanigan, Mario Bergés

TL;DR

A requirement-based roadmap to support standardized PMx automation using DT technologies and methodically identifies the Informational Requirements (IRs) and Functional Requirements (FRs) for PMx, which serve as a foundation from which any unified framework must emerge.

Abstract

Recent digital advances have popularized predictive maintenance (PMx), offering enhanced efficiency, automation, accuracy, cost savings, and independence in maintenance processes. Yet, PMx continues to face numerous limitations such as poor explainability, sample inefficiency of data-driven methods, complexity of physics-based methods, and limited generalizability and scalability of knowledge-based methods. This paper proposes leveraging Digital Twins (DTs) to address these challenges and enable automated PMx adoption on a larger scale. While DTs have the potential to be transformative, they have not yet reached the maturity needed to bridge these gaps in a standardized manner. Without a standard definition guiding this evolution, the transformation lacks a solid foundation for development. This paper provides a requirement-based roadmap to support standardized PMx automation using DT technologies. Our systematic approach comprises two primary stages. First, we methodically identify the Informational Requirements (IRs) and Functional Requirements (FRs) for PMx, which serve as a foundation from which any unified framework must emerge. Our approach to defining and using IRs and FRs as the backbone of any PMx DT is supported by the proven success of these requirements as blueprints in other areas, such as product development in the software industry. Second, we conduct a thorough literature review across various fields to assess how these IRs and FRs are currently being applied within DTs, enabling us to identify specific areas where further research is needed to support the progress and maturation of requirement-based PMx DTs.

State-of-the-art review and synthesis: A requirement-based roadmap for standardized predictive maintenance automation using digital twin technologies

TL;DR

A requirement-based roadmap to support standardized PMx automation using DT technologies and methodically identifies the Informational Requirements (IRs) and Functional Requirements (FRs) for PMx, which serve as a foundation from which any unified framework must emerge.

Abstract

Recent digital advances have popularized predictive maintenance (PMx), offering enhanced efficiency, automation, accuracy, cost savings, and independence in maintenance processes. Yet, PMx continues to face numerous limitations such as poor explainability, sample inefficiency of data-driven methods, complexity of physics-based methods, and limited generalizability and scalability of knowledge-based methods. This paper proposes leveraging Digital Twins (DTs) to address these challenges and enable automated PMx adoption on a larger scale. While DTs have the potential to be transformative, they have not yet reached the maturity needed to bridge these gaps in a standardized manner. Without a standard definition guiding this evolution, the transformation lacks a solid foundation for development. This paper provides a requirement-based roadmap to support standardized PMx automation using DT technologies. Our systematic approach comprises two primary stages. First, we methodically identify the Informational Requirements (IRs) and Functional Requirements (FRs) for PMx, which serve as a foundation from which any unified framework must emerge. Our approach to defining and using IRs and FRs as the backbone of any PMx DT is supported by the proven success of these requirements as blueprints in other areas, such as product development in the software industry. Second, we conduct a thorough literature review across various fields to assess how these IRs and FRs are currently being applied within DTs, enabling us to identify specific areas where further research is needed to support the progress and maturation of requirement-based PMx DTs.
Paper Structure (28 sections, 8 figures, 5 tables)

This paper contains 28 sections, 8 figures, 5 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Predictive Maintenance and Related Strategies
  3. Digital Twin and Digital Thread Capabilities
  4. Requirements Supporting Predictive Maintenance Autonomy
  5. Procedure for Identifying Requirements
  6. Capability Grid Definition
  7. Extracting Requirements from the Capability Grid
  8. Asset Diversity
  9. Informational Requirements
  10. IR1: Physical Properties
  11. IR2: Reference Values
  12. IR3: Contextual Information
  13. IR4: Performance Metrics
  14. IR5: Historical Data
  15. IR6: Faults
  16. ...and 13 more sections

Figures (8)

  • Figure 1: Paper overview including key methodological steps. Module acronyms are provided in Section \ref{['sec:Section2']}, and DT capability acronyms are provided in Section \ref{['sec:Section3']}.
  • Figure 2: A comparison between different maintenance techniques with respect to (a) the underlying mechanisms and (b) the economy ran2019survey.
  • Figure 3: PMx module layout and key interdependencies adopted from OSA-CBM.
  • Figure 4: High-level overview of a DT supporting aviation-related PMx with key components highlighted. We include the following notation, SS: short stay, LS: long stay, SS w/ D: short stay with disturbance, LS w/ D: long stay with disturbance.
  • Figure 5: Capability grid illustrating the relationships between PMx modules and the DT capabilities they support.
  • ...and 3 more figures