Quantum Data Center: Perspectives

TL;DR

This paper argues that QDC will provide significant benefits to customers in terms of efficiency, security, and precision, and will be helpful for quantum computing, communication, and sensing, and investigates potential scientific and business opportunities along this novel research direction.

Abstract

A quantum version of data centers might be significant in the quantum era. In this paper, we introduce Quantum Data Center (QDC), a quantum version of existing classical data centers, with a specific emphasis on combining Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM) and quantum networks. We argue that QDC will provide significant benefits to customers in terms of efficiency, security, and precision, and will be helpful for quantum computing, communication, and sensing. We investigate potential scientific and business opportunities along this novel research direction through hardware realization and possible specific applications. We show the possible impacts of QDCs in business and science, especially the machine learning and big data industries.

Figures (4)

• Figure 1: Quantum data center (QDC) could potentially provide services about generation, processing, and application of quantum data, which could have wide applications in quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum sensing.
• Figure 2: The minimal definition of QDC contains the quantum network and QRAM. The data stored in QRAM can be either classical or quantum.
• Figure 3: QDC-assisted relative qubit resource costs depending on the delay time. Relative qubit number means $\frac{\text{qubit number with QDC}}{\text{qubit number without QDC}}$, given by the black line. The green dashed line gives the critical value where the relative qubit number is 1. More details are given in our technical paper Liu:2022ubu.
• Figure 4: Multi-party private quantum communication protocol, where $A_i$s are sending information to $B_j$s without releasing the information to QDCs in the middle.