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Full Duplex Joint Communications and Sensing for 6G: Opportunities and Challenges

Chandan Kumar Sheemar, Sourabh Solanki, George C. Alexandropoulos, Eva Lagunas, Jorge Querol, Symeon Chatzinotas, Björn Ottersten

TL;DR

New opportunities and challenges brought up by FD-enabled JCAS are presented, taking into account the key technical peculiarities of FD systems.

Abstract

The paradigm of joint communications and sensing (JCAS) envisions a revolutionary integration of communication and radar functionalities within a unified hardware platform. This novel concept not only opens up unprecedented interoperability opportunities, but also exhibits unique design challenges. To this end, the success of JCAS is highly dependent on efficient full-duplex (FD) operation, which has the potential to enable simultaneous transmission and reception within the same frequency band. While JCAS research is lately expanding, there still exist relevant directions of investigation that hold tremendous potential to profoundly transform the sixth generation (6G), and beyond, cellular networks. This article presents new opportunities and challenges brought up by FD-enabled JCAS, taking into account the key technical peculiarities of FD systems. Unlike simplified JCAS scenarios, we delve into the most comprehensive configuration, encompassing uplink and downlink users, as well as monostatic and bistatic radars, all harmoniously coexisting to jointly push the boundaries of both communications and sensing. The performance improvements resulting from this advancement bring forth numerous new challenges, each meticulously examined and expounded upon.

Full Duplex Joint Communications and Sensing for 6G: Opportunities and Challenges

TL;DR

New opportunities and challenges brought up by FD-enabled JCAS are presented, taking into account the key technical peculiarities of FD systems.

Abstract

The paradigm of joint communications and sensing (JCAS) envisions a revolutionary integration of communication and radar functionalities within a unified hardware platform. This novel concept not only opens up unprecedented interoperability opportunities, but also exhibits unique design challenges. To this end, the success of JCAS is highly dependent on efficient full-duplex (FD) operation, which has the potential to enable simultaneous transmission and reception within the same frequency band. While JCAS research is lately expanding, there still exist relevant directions of investigation that hold tremendous potential to profoundly transform the sixth generation (6G), and beyond, cellular networks. This article presents new opportunities and challenges brought up by FD-enabled JCAS, taking into account the key technical peculiarities of FD systems. Unlike simplified JCAS scenarios, we delve into the most comprehensive configuration, encompassing uplink and downlink users, as well as monostatic and bistatic radars, all harmoniously coexisting to jointly push the boundaries of both communications and sensing. The performance improvements resulting from this advancement bring forth numerous new challenges, each meticulously examined and expounded upon.
Paper Structure (21 sections, 5 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 21 sections, 5 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Related Works
  3. FD-Enabled JCAS for Future Wireless Networks
  4. State-of-the-Art Deployment Scenarios
  5. Case A
  6. Case B
  7. Case C
  8. Proposed FD-Enabled JCAS Scenario
  9. Two-Fold Spectral Efficiency Gain for a Multi-User System and Improved Sensing
  10. Low Latency Multi-Users Communications and Sensing
  11. Secure Communications and Sensing
  12. Challenges with FD-Enabled JCAS
  13. Waveform Design and Beamforming
  14. Channel State Estimation
  15. Cooperative FD JCAS
  16. ...and 6 more sections

Figures (5)

  • Figure 1: Benchmark JCAS architectures: a) FD JCAS with monostatic radar sensing and DL user only; b) FD JCAS with monostatic radar sensing and UL user only; and c) FD JCAS with monostatic radar sensing and one UL and one DL user.
  • Figure 2: The proposed JCAS system comprises a FD BS, UL and DL users, with one monostatic and multiple bistatic radars.
  • Figure 3: Cooperative JCAS with cell A exploiting signals for cell B for enhanced target detection.
  • Figure 4: Optimization methodology for enabling next-generation JCAS.
  • Figure 5: MSE achieved with the MUSIC estimator in the general JCAS system with monostatic and bistatic radars.