Bottomonium suppression at RHIC and LHC in an open quantum system approach

Abstract

We present potential non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (pNRQCD) predictions for bottomonium suppression in sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV, 2.76 TeV, and 5.02 TeV heavy-ion collisions using an open quantum systems (OQS) description of the reduced heavy-quark anti-quark density matrix. Compared to prior OQS+pNRQCD studies we include the rapidity dependence of bottomonium production and evolution, allowing for a fully 3-dimensional description of bottomonium trajectories in the quark-gluon plasma. The underlying formalism used to compute the ground and excited state survival probabilities is based on a Lindblad equation that is accurate to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the binding energy over temperature. For the background evolution, we make use of a 3+1D viscous hydrodynamics code which reproduces soft hadron observables at all three collision energies. We find good agreement between NLO OQS+pNRQCD predictions and data taken at LHC energies, however, at RHIC energies, there is tension with recent bottomonium suppression measurements by the STAR collaboration.

Figures (13)

• Figure 1: QTraj predictions for $R_{AA}$ as a function of $N_{\rm part}$ in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. The experimental data shown are from the ALICE Acharya:2020kls, ATLAS ATLAS:2022xso, and CMS CMS:2018zzaCMS:2023lfu collaborations. The lighter shaded bands indicate the uncertainty associated with the choice of $\hat{\kappa}$ and the darker shaded bands on each boundary indicate the statistical uncertainty associated with the average over bottomonium trajectories.
• Figure 2: QTraj predictions for the 2S to 1S double ratio as a function of $N_{\rm part}$ in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. Line styles and experimental data sources are the same as in Fig. \ref{['fig:raavsnpart-lhc-3d']}.
• Figure 3: QTraj predictions for the 3S to 1S double ratio as a function of $N_{\rm part}$ in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. Line styles and experimental data sources are the same as in Fig. \ref{['fig:raavsnpart-lhc-3d']}.
• Figure 4: QTraj predictions for $R_{AA}$ as a function of $p_T$ in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. Line styles and experimental data sources are the same as in Fig. \ref{['fig:raavsnpart-lhc-3d']}.
• Figure 5: QTraj predictions for the 2S to 1S double ratio as a function of $p_T$ in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions. Line styles and experimental data sources are the same as in Fig. \ref{['fig:raavsnpart-lhc-3d']}.