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A QoS-Aware Uplink Spectrum and Power Allocation with Link Adaptation for Vehicular Communications in 5G networks

Krishna Pal Thakur, Basabdatta Palit

TL;DR

Extensive simulations reveal that link adaptation increases the number of satisfied V2I users and their sum rate while also improving the QoS of V2I and V2V users, making it indispensable for 5G C-V2X systems.

Abstract

In this work, we have proposed link adaptation-based joint spectrum and power allocation algorithms for the uplink communication in 5G Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) systems. In C-V2X, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) users share radio resources with vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) users. Existing works primarily focus on the optimal pairing of V2V and V2I users, assuming that each V2I user needs a single resource block (RB) while minimizing interference through power allocation. In contrast, in this work, we have considered that the number of RBs needed by the users is a function of their channel condition and Quality of Service (QoS) - a method called link adaptation. It effectively compensates for the frequent channel quality fluctuations at the high frequencies of 5G communication.5G uses a multi-numerology frame structure to support diverse QoS requirements, which has also been considered in this work. The first algorithm proposed in this article greedily allocates RBs to V2I users using link adaptation. It then uses the Hungarian algorithm to pair V2V with V2I users while minimizing interference through power allocation. The second proposed method groups RBs into resource chunks (RCs) and uses the Hungarian algorithm twice - first to allocate RCs to V2I users and then to pair V2I users with V2V users. Extensive simulations reveal that link adaptation increases the number of satisfied V2I users and their sum rate while also improving the QoS of V2I and V2V users, making it indispensable for 5G C-V2X systems.

A QoS-Aware Uplink Spectrum and Power Allocation with Link Adaptation for Vehicular Communications in 5G networks

TL;DR

Extensive simulations reveal that link adaptation increases the number of satisfied V2I users and their sum rate while also improving the QoS of V2I and V2V users, making it indispensable for 5G C-V2X systems.

Abstract

In this work, we have proposed link adaptation-based joint spectrum and power allocation algorithms for the uplink communication in 5G Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) systems. In C-V2X, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) users share radio resources with vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) users. Existing works primarily focus on the optimal pairing of V2V and V2I users, assuming that each V2I user needs a single resource block (RB) while minimizing interference through power allocation. In contrast, in this work, we have considered that the number of RBs needed by the users is a function of their channel condition and Quality of Service (QoS) - a method called link adaptation. It effectively compensates for the frequent channel quality fluctuations at the high frequencies of 5G communication.5G uses a multi-numerology frame structure to support diverse QoS requirements, which has also been considered in this work. The first algorithm proposed in this article greedily allocates RBs to V2I users using link adaptation. It then uses the Hungarian algorithm to pair V2V with V2I users while minimizing interference through power allocation. The second proposed method groups RBs into resource chunks (RCs) and uses the Hungarian algorithm twice - first to allocate RCs to V2I users and then to pair V2I users with V2V users. Extensive simulations reveal that link adaptation increases the number of satisfied V2I users and their sum rate while also improving the QoS of V2I and V2V users, making it indispensable for 5G C-V2X systems.
Paper Structure (30 sections, 17 equations, 6 figures, 6 tables, 2 algorithms)

This paper contains 30 sections, 17 equations, 6 figures, 6 tables, 2 algorithms.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Related Work
  3. System Model
  4. System Model
  5. Scenario and User Distribution
  6. User Traffic and Packet Generation
  7. Multiple Numerologies and OFDMA
  8. Modes of RB Allocation
  9. Channel Modeling
  10. Link Adaptation
  11. Problem Formulation for Shared mode
  12. Proposed Power and Spectrum Allocation with Link Adaptation
  13. Greedy Resource Allocation Hungarian Sharing
  14. Resource Allocation of CUE
  15. Resource Sharing between CUE and VUE
  16. ...and 15 more sections

Figures (6)

  • Figure 1: A simplified version of the System Model. Only a few CUEs, BUEs, VUE pairs, and four lanes have been shown in the gNB service area.
  • Figure 2: Comparison of ORA, GRAHS, HRAHS with baseline SRAHS Le2017 that has no link adaptation
  • Figure 3: Performance of the different Resource allocation algorithms in terms of Packet Loss Rate, Average Delay, Sum-Rate experienced by the CUE
  • Figure 4: Performance of the different Resource allocation algorithms in terms of the Average Delay, Outage Probability, and the RB requirement of VUE
  • Figure 5: CDF of the Number of RB occupied by the CUE. The CDF has been shown for the number of RB occupied by all CUE as well as per CUE.
  • ...and 1 more figures