Comprehensive Analysis of Maximum Power Association Policy for Cellular Networks Using Distance and Angular Coordinates

TL;DR

This work develops a stochastic-geometry framework for mmWave cellular networks that incorporates angular distances alongside Euclidean distances to capture beam management and misalignment effects in a max-power association. It derives angular-distance distributions, proposes a realistic Policy 1 and two baseline policies, and provides exact-form coverage-probability expressions together with a dominant-interferer analysis for all policies. The results show that angular-distance-based associations and angular-aware dominant-interferer criteria yield more accurate performance estimates than purely Euclidean or idealized models, highlighting the practical importance of beam management in network design. The framework and findings have significant implications for deployment strategies and performance prediction in dense mmWave networks with realistic antenna patterns.

Abstract

A novel stochastic geometry framework is proposed in this paper to study the downlink coverage performance in a millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular network by jointly considering the polar coordinates of the Base Stations (BSs) with respect to the typical user located at the origin. Specifically, both the Euclidean and the angular distances of the BSs in a maximum power-based association policy for the UE are considered to account for realistic beam management considerations, which have been largely ignored in the literature, especially in the cell association phase. For completeness, two other association schemes are considered and exact-form expressions for the coverage probability are derived. Subsequently, the key role of angular distances is highlighted by defining the dominant interferer using angular distance-based criteria instead of Euclidean distance-based, and conducting a dominant interferer-based coverage probability analysis. Among others, the numerical results revealed that considering angular distance-based criteria for determining both the serving and the dominant interfering BS, can approximate the coverage performance more accurately as compared to utilizing Euclidean distance-based criteria. To the best of the authors$'$ knowledge, this is the first work that rigorously explores the role of angular distances in the association policy and analysis of cellular networks.

Figures (10)

• Figure 1: The $n$th nearest point in angular distance in a disk sector.
• Figure 2: Illustration of the system model.
• Figure 3: Representative example of powersurfaces for the serving and interfering BSs corresponding to a receiver equipped with a 4-sectored antenna, $\phi_0^r= \pi/4+\pi/2+\pi/2$ and $S=S_{th}$.
• Figure 4: CCDF of received power under Policy 1 and Policy 3, for different values of $\lambda_{bs}$. Markers denote the analytical results.
• Figure 5: Coverage probability versus $\gamma_{th}$ under Policy 1 and Policy 3, for different number of sectors. Markers denote the analytical results. Simulation results under a flat-top antenna pattern are also presented for completeness.