Intelligent Computing: The Latest Advances, Challenges and Future
Shiqiang Zhu, Ting Yu, Tao Xu, Hongyang Chen, Schahram Dustdar, Sylvain Gigan, Deniz Gunduz, Ekram Hossain, Yaochu Jin, Feng Lin, Bo Liu, Zhiguo Wan, Ji Zhang, Zhifeng Zhao, Wentao Zhu, Zuoning Chen, Tariq Durrani, Huaimin Wang, Jiangxing Wu, Tongyi Zhang, Yunhe Pan
TL;DR
This paper defines intelligent computing as a unifying paradigm that fuses human, physical, and information spaces to tackle large-scale scientific and societal problems. It categorizes computing by intelligence and computing for intelligence, surveys fundamentals, architectures, and methods across data, perceptual, cognitive, and autonomous dimensions, and surveys emerging computing modes and large-scale systems. It highlights challenges in interpretability, generalization, autonomy, and HPC scaling, and discusses future directions in theory, knowledge-driven computation, hardware–software co-design, and new computing modes. The work aims to provide a comprehensive reference to guide researchers and practitioners in advancing intelligent computing toward universal, efficient, secure, autonomous, and transparent computing services.
Abstract
Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and promoting digital revolution in the era of big data, artificial intelligence and internet-of-things with new computing theories, architectures, methods, systems, and applications. Intelligent computing has greatly broadened the scope of computing, extending it from traditional computing on data to increasingly diverse computing paradigms such as perceptual intelligence, cognitive intelligence, autonomous intelligence, and human-computer fusion intelligence. Intelligence and computing have undergone paths of different evolution and development for a long time but have become increasingly intertwined in recent years: intelligent computing is not only intelligence-oriented but also intelligence-driven. Such cross-fertilization has prompted the emergence and rapid advancement of intelligent computing. Intelligent computing is still in its infancy and an abundance of innovations in the theories, systems, and applications of intelligent computing are expected to occur soon. We present the first comprehensive survey of literature on intelligent computing, covering its theory fundamentals, the technological fusion of intelligence and computing, important applications, challenges, and future perspectives. We believe that this survey is highly timely and will provide a comprehensive reference and cast valuable insights into intelligent computing for academic and industrial researchers and practitioners.