Strictly convex space : Strong orthogonality and Conjugate diameters

Abstract

In a normed linear space X an element x is said to be orthogonal to another element y in the sense of Birkhoff-James, written as $ x \perp_{B}y, $ iff $ \| x \| \leq \| x + λy \| $ for all scalars $ λ.$ We prove that a normed linear space X is strictly convex iff for any two elements x, y of the unit sphere $ S_X$, $ x \perp_{B}y $ implies $ \| x + λy \| > 1~ \forall~ λ\neq 0. $ We apply this result to find a necessary and sufficient condition for a Hamel basis to be a strongly orthonormal Hamel basis in the sense of Birkhoff-James in a finite dimensional real strictly convex space X. Applying the result we give an estimation for lower bounds of $ \| tx+(1-t)y\|, t \in [0,1] $ and $ \| y + λx \|, ~\forall ~λ$ for all elements $ x,y \in S_X $ with $ x \perp_B y. $ We find a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of conjugate diameters through the points $ e_1,e_2 \in ~S_X $ in a real strictly convex space of dimension 2. The concept of generalized conjuagte diameters is then developed for a real strictly convex smooth space of finite dimension.

Theorems & Definitions (23)

• Theorem 2.1
• Theorem 2.2
• Corollary 2.3
• Theorem 2.4
• Theorem 2.5
• Theorem 2.6
• Remark 2.7
• Remark 2.8
• Theorem 2.9
• Remark 2.10