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Constraining Scalar Singlet Dark Matter with CDMS, XENON and DAMA and Prediction for Direct Detection Rates

Abhijit Bandyopadhyay, Sovan Chakraborty, Ambar Ghosal, Debasish Majumdar

TL;DR

The paper studies a minimal extension of the Standard Model by adding a real scalar singlet $S$ with a $Z_2$ symmetry, yielding a stable DM candidate. It systematically constrains the model using direct-detection bounds from CDMS, XENON, DAMA, and CoGeNT, together with the WMAP relic density, and translates these constraints into allowed regions in the $(\delta_2,\kappa_2)$ parameter space, showing a strong dependence on the Higgs mass $M_h$ and DM mass $M_S$. Using the constrained parameter space, the authors compute predicted direct-detection rates and their annual modulation for a Liquid Argon detector, highlighting how the rates vary with $M_h$, $M_S$, and $\delta_2$ and showing testable signatures for future experiments. The results indicate that viable regions require small $|\delta_2|$ and that DAMA’s allowed regions are highly restrictive, emphasizing the potential of Argon-based detectors to probe this DM scenario.

Abstract

We consider a simplest extension of the Standard Model (SM) through the incorporation of a real scalar singlet and an additional discrete $Z_2$ symmetry. The model admits the neutral scalar singlet to be stable and thus, a viable component of dark matter. We explore the parameter space of the model keeping in view the constraints arise from different dark matter direct detection experiments through WIMP-nucleon scattering. First of all, we have utilised the data obtained from CDMS, XENON-10 and XENON-100 collaborations. We further constraint the parameter space from the DAMA collaboration results (both with and without channelling) and CoGeNT collaboration results. Throughout our analysis, the constraint arises due to the observed relic density of dark matter reported by WMAP experiment, is also incorporated. Utilising all those constraints, on the model parameter space, we calculate the event rates and the annual variation of event rates in the context of a Liquid Argon Detector experiment.

Constraining Scalar Singlet Dark Matter with CDMS, XENON and DAMA and Prediction for Direct Detection Rates

TL;DR

The paper studies a minimal extension of the Standard Model by adding a real scalar singlet with a symmetry, yielding a stable DM candidate. It systematically constrains the model using direct-detection bounds from CDMS, XENON, DAMA, and CoGeNT, together with the WMAP relic density, and translates these constraints into allowed regions in the parameter space, showing a strong dependence on the Higgs mass and DM mass . Using the constrained parameter space, the authors compute predicted direct-detection rates and their annual modulation for a Liquid Argon detector, highlighting how the rates vary with , , and and showing testable signatures for future experiments. The results indicate that viable regions require small and that DAMA’s allowed regions are highly restrictive, emphasizing the potential of Argon-based detectors to probe this DM scenario.

Abstract

We consider a simplest extension of the Standard Model (SM) through the incorporation of a real scalar singlet and an additional discrete symmetry. The model admits the neutral scalar singlet to be stable and thus, a viable component of dark matter. We explore the parameter space of the model keeping in view the constraints arise from different dark matter direct detection experiments through WIMP-nucleon scattering. First of all, we have utilised the data obtained from CDMS, XENON-10 and XENON-100 collaborations. We further constraint the parameter space from the DAMA collaboration results (both with and without channelling) and CoGeNT collaboration results. Throughout our analysis, the constraint arises due to the observed relic density of dark matter reported by WMAP experiment, is also incorporated. Utilising all those constraints, on the model parameter space, we calculate the event rates and the annual variation of event rates in the context of a Liquid Argon Detector experiment.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 7 sections, 21 equations, 6 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Singlet extended Standard Model : A brief outline
  3. Constraining the model parameters
  4. Constraints on $\delta_2$ as a function of dark matter mass
  5. Constraining the $\delta_2-\kappa_2$ parameter space
  6. Predictions for Rates at Argon detector
  7. Summary and Conclusions

Figures (6)

  • Figure 1: Diagram for singlet-nucleon elastic scattering via higgs mediation
  • Figure 2: Dashed lines: Scalar singlet-nucleon elastic scattering cross section ($\sigma^{\rm scalar}_{\rm nucleon}$) as a function of the singlet mass for different values of $|\delta_2|$ with 2 different values of higgs mass $M_h$, 114 GeV(left panel) and 200 GeV(right panel). Solid lines: 90% C.L. experimental upper limits on $\sigma^{\rm DM}_{\rm nucleon}$ from CDMS 2009 Ge, CDMS Soudan(all), XENON-10 and XENON-100. The shaded areas corresponding to 99% C.L. regions allowed from DAMA (with and without channelling) has also been shown.
  • Figure 3: Upper limits on $|\delta_2|$ as a function of dark matter mass from 90% CL experimental bounds on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. Plots are done for 2 values of Higgs mass: 114 GeV (left panel) and 200 GeV (right panel) .
  • Figure 4: Shaded region: Range of the parameter space $\delta_2 - {\rm sign}(\kappa_2)|\kappa_2|^{1/2}$ consistent with 90% CL limits of WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section from CDMS Soudan (All) (left panel), XENON-10 (middle panel) and XENON-100 (right panel) corresponding to three different values of Higgs mass - 114 GeV, 150GeV, and 200 GeV. Dashed lines: Different iso-$M_S$ contours in $\delta_2 - {\rm sign}(\kappa_2)|\kappa_2|^{1/2}$ plane. The region spanned by red dots describe the values of model parameters consistent with WMAP measurements of dark matter relic density : $0.099<\Omega h^2<0.123$.
  • Figure 5: Left panel: (Shaded region) Range of the parameter space $\delta_2 - {\rm sign}(\kappa_2)|\kappa_2|^{1/2}$ consistent with 90% CL limits of WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section from CDMS 2009 (Ge) for three different values of Higgs mass 114 GeV, 150 GeV and 200 GeV. Different iso-$M_S$ contours in $\delta_2 - {\rm sign}(\kappa_2)|\kappa_2|^{1/2}$ plane are shown by dashed lines.The region spanned by red dots describe the values of model parameters consistent with WMAP measurements of dark matter relic density : $0.099<\Omega h^2<0.123$. Middle panel: (small thread-like regions outlined by dashed lines) Region in parameter space consistent with (CDMS 2009 Ge + DAMA(with channelling)) limits for $M_h$ = 114 GeV ($1^{st}$ column), 150 GeV ($2^{nd}$ column), 200 GeV ($3^{rd}$ column). The region allowed from only CDMS 2009 (Ge) limits are shaded for corresponding values of Higgs mass. The contour for $M_S = 10$ GeV are shown by dotted lines. Right panel: Range of the parameter space $\delta_2 - {\rm sign}(\kappa_2)|\kappa_2|^{1/2}$ consistent with 90% CL limits of WIMP-nucleon scattering corresponding to the lower DM mass regime allowed from DAMA (without channelling) (upper panel) and CoGeNT (lower panel) for three different values of Higgs mass 114 GeV, 150 GeV and 200 GeV
  • ...and 1 more figures